Canadian Psychiatric Association

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Editorial
Geriatric Psychiatry: Complex Challenges, Promising Treatments
Kenneth I Shulman
(PDF)

In Review
Cognitive Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias
Nathan Herrmann

(PDF)

Brief Screening Tests for Dementia
Wendy J Lorentz, James M Scanlan, Soo Borson

(PDF)

Effective Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Late-Life Depression
Alastair J Flint, Nadine Gagnon

(PDF)

Review Papers
Are Leptin and Cytokines Involved in Body Weight Gain During Treatment With Antipsychotic Drugs?

Trino Baptista, Serge Beaulieu

(PDF)

Original Research
Strategies of Collaboration Between General Practitioners and Psychiatrists: A Survey of Practitioners’ Opinions and Characteristics

Ricardo J M Lucena, Alain Lesage, Robert Élie, Yves Lamontagne, Marc Corbičre

(PDF)

A Test of the Phase Model of Psychotherapy Change
Anthony S Joyce, John Ogrodniczuk, William E Piper, Mary McCallum

(PDF)

Brief Communication
Lamotrigine Use in Geriatric Patients With Bipolar Depression

Matthew Robillard, David K Conn

(PDF)

Dissolution Profile, Tolerability, and Acceptability of the Orally Disintegrating Olanzapine Tablet in Patients With Schizophrenia
Pierre Chue, Barry Jones, Cindy C Taylor, Ruth Dickson

(PDF)

Progress Against Major Depression in Canada
Scott B Patten MD

(PDF)


Book Reviews
(PDF)

Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Practical Guide
Reviewed by
Arun V. Ravindran

We Fly, We Cry: Our Lives With Manic Depression
Reviewed by
Paul Grof

Geriatric Consultation Liaison Psychiatry
Reviewed by
Ron Keren

Psychotherapy With Children and Adolescents
Reviewed by
Allan Frankland

The Early Stages of Schizophrenia
Reviewed by
Mary V. Seeman



Letters to the Editor
(PDF)

Re: Atypical Antipsychotic Use in Treating Adolescents and Young Adults With Developmental Disabilities

Reply: Atypical Antipsychotic Use in Treating Adolescents and Young Adults With Developmental Disabilities

Evidence Supports Validity of Seasonal Affective Disorder

Reply: Evidence Supports Validity of Seasonal Affective Disorder

Seasonal Affective Disorder: The Latitude Hypothesis Revisited

Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Tiagabine

Assessing Pain Tolerance in a Patient With Acute Psychosis

Musical Hallucinations During a Treatment With Benzodiazepine

Bupropion-Methylphenidate Combination and Grand Mal Seizures

The Association of Depressed Affect and Stroke in Institutionalized Canadians

Quetiapine and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Cognitive Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias



24. Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Wessel T, Yuan W. Galantamine in AD: A 6-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a 6-month extension. The Galantamine USA-1 Study Group. Neurology 2000;54(12):2261–8.

25. Wilcock GK, Lilienfeld S, Gaens E. Efficacy and safety of galantamine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: multicentre randomised controlled trial. Galantamine International-1 Study Group. BMJ 2000;321(7274):1445–9.

26. Tariot PN, Solomon PR, Morris JC, Kershaw P, Lilienfeld S, Ding C, and others. A 5-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of galantamine in AD. The Galantamine USA-10 Study Group. Neurology 2000;54:2269–76.

27. Wilkinson D, Murray J. Galantamine: a randomized, double-blind, dose comparison in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001;16:852–7.

28. Rockwood K, Mintzer J, Truyen L, Wessel T, Wilkinson D. Effects of a flexible galantamine dose in Alzheimer’s disease: a randomised, controlled trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;71:589–95.

29. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:189–98.

30. Rosen WG, Mohs RC, Davis KL. A new rating scale for Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Psychiatry 1984;141:1356–64.

31. Stern RG, Mohs RC, Davidson M, Schmeidler J, Silverman J, Kramer-Ginsberg E, and others. A longitudinal study of Alzheimer’s disease: measurement, rate, and predictors of cognitive deterioration. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:390–6.

32. Han L, Cole M, Bellavance F, McCusker J, Primeau F. Tracking cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease using the mini-mental state examination: a meta-analysis. Int Psychogeriatr 2000;12:231–47.

33. Winblad B, Wimo A. Assessing the societal impact of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor therapy. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 1999;13(Suppl 2):S9–S19.

34. O’Brien BJ, Goeree R, Hux M, Iskedjian M, Blackhouse G, Gagnon M, and others. Economic evaluation of donepezil for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in Canada. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999;47:570–8.

35. Getsios D, Caro JJ, Caro G, Ishak, K. Assessment of health economics in Alzheimer’s disease (AHEAD): galantamine treatment in Canada. Neurology 2001;57:972–8.

36. Giacobini E. Do cholinesterase inhibitors have disease modifying effects in Alzheimer’s disease? CNS Drugs 2001;15:80–91.

37. Borroni B, Colciagli F, Pastorino L, Pettenati C, Cottini E, Rozzini L, and others. Amyloid precursor protein in platelets of patients with Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2001;58:442–6.

38. Tiseo PJ, Perdomo CA, Friedhoff LT. Concurrent administration of donepezil HCL and cimetidine: assessment of pharmacokinetic changes following single and multiple doses. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998;46(Suppl 1):25–9.

39. Tiseo PJ, Perdoma CA, Friedhoff LT. Concurrent administration of donepezil HCL and lectoconazole: assessment of pharmacokinetic changes following single and multiple doses. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998;46(Suppl 1):30–4.

40. Tiseo PJ, Foley K, Friedhoff LT. Concurrent administration of donepezil HCL and theophylline: assessment of pharmacokinetic changes following multiple-dose administration in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998;46(Suppl 1):35–9.

41. Tiseo PJ, Perdoma CA, Friedhoff LT. Concurrent administration of donepezil HCL and digoxin: assessment of pharmacokinetic changes. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998;46(Suppl 1):40–4.

42. Tiseo PJ, Foley K, Friedhoff LT. The effect of multiple doses of donepezil HCL on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of warfarin. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998;46(Suppl 1):45–50.

43. Grossberg GT, Shahelin HB, Messina JC, Anand R, Veach J. Lack of adverse pharmacodynamic drug interactions with rivastigmine and twenty-two classes of medications. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;15:242–7.

44. Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties 2002: The Canadian Drug Reference for Health Professionals. Product Monograph.

45. Bullock R, Connolly C. Switching cholinesterase inhibitor therapy in Alzheimer’s disease donepezil to rivastigmine, is it worth it? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002;17:288–9.

46. Davis KL, Mohs RC, Marin D, Purohit DP, Perl DP, Lantz M, and others. Cholinergic markers in elderly patients with early signs of Alzheimer disease. JAMA 1999;281:1401–6.

47. McKeith IG, Del Ser T, Spano P, Emre M, Wesnes L, Anand R, and others. Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomised double blind placebo controlled international study. Lancet 2000;356:2031–6.

48. Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N. Donepezil for behavioral disorders associated with Lewy Bodies: a case series. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;15:338–45.

49. Maclean LE, Collins CC, Byrne EJ. Dementia with Lewy bodies treated with rivastigmine: effects on cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms and sleep. Int Psychogeriatr 2001;13:277–88.

50. Erkinjuntti T, Kurz A, Gauthier S, Bullock R, Lilienfeld S, Damaraju CRV. Efficacy of galantamine in probable vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease combined with cerebrovascular disease: a randomised trial. Lancet 2002;359.

51. Litvan I. Therapy and management of frontal lobe dementia patients. Neurology 2001;56(Suppl 4):S41–S45.

52. Litvan I, Phipps M, Pharr VL, Hallett M, Grafman J, Salazar A. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of donepezil in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy. Neurology 2001;57:467–73.

53. Henderson VW. The epidemiology of estrogen replacement therapy and Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 1997;48(Suppl 7):527–35.

54. Sherwin BB. Estrogen effects on cognition in menopausal women. Neurology 1977;48(Suppl 2):S21–S26.

55. Birge SJ. The role of estrogen in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 1997;48(Suppl 7):S36–S41.

56. Taber KH, Murphy DD, Blurton-Jones MM, Hurley RA. An update on estrogen: higher cognitive function, receptor mapping, neurotrophic effects. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001;13:313–7.

57. Henderson VW, Paganini-Hill A, Miller BL, Elble RJ, Reyes PF, Shoupe D, and others. Estrogen for Alzheimer’s disease in women: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology 2000;54:295–301.

58. Mulnard RA, Cotman CW, Kawas C, van Dyck CH, Sano M, Doody R, and others. Estrogen replacement therapy for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2000;283:1007–15.

59. Marder K, Sano M. Estrogen to treat Alzheimer’s disease: too little, too late? Neurology 2000;54:2035–7.

60. Yaffe K, Krueger K, Sarkar S, Grady D, Barrett-Connor E, Cox DA, and others. Cognitive function in postmenopausal women treated with raloxifene. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1207–13.

61. Asthana S, Baker LD, Craft S, Stanczyk FZ, Veith RC, Raskind MA, and others. High-dose estradiol improves cognition for women with AD: results of a randomized study. Neurology 2001;57:605–12.

62. Schneider LS, Farlow MR, Henderson VW, Pogoda JM. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 1996;46:1580–4.

63. Cherrier MM, Asthana S, Plymate S, Baker L, Matsumoto AM, Peskind E, and others. Testoterone supplementation improves spatial and verbal memory in healthy older men. Neurology 2001;57:80–8.

64. Aisen PS. Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Gerontology 1997;43:143–9.

65. McGeer PL, Schulzer M, McGeer EG. Arthritis and anti-inflammatory agents as possible protective factors for Alzheimer’s disease: a review of 17 epidemiologic studies. Neurology 1996;47:425–32.

66. Rogers J, Kirby LC, Hempelman SR, Berry DL, McGeer PL, Kaszniak AW, and others. Clinical trial of indomethicin in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 1993;43:1609–11.

67. Scharf S, Mander A, Ugoni A, Vajda F, Christophidis N. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of diclofenac/misoprostol in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 1999;53:197–201.

68. Aisen PS, Davis KL, Berg JD, Schafer K, Campbell K, Thomas RG, and others. A randomized controlled trial of prednisone in Alzheimer’s disease: Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study. Neurology 2000;54:588–93.

69. Van Gool WA, Weinstein HC, Scheltens PK, Walstra GJ, Scheltens PK. Effects of hydroxchloroquine on progression of dementia in early Alzheimer’s disease: an 18-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet 2001;358:455–60.

70. Veld BA, Ruitenberg A, Hofman A, Launer LJ, van Duijn CM, Stijnen T, and others. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1515–21.

71. Marksbery WR. The role of oxadative stress in Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Neurol 1999;56:1449–52.

72. Sano M, Ernesto C, Thomas RG, Klauber MR, Schafer K, Gundman M, and others. A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. NEJM 1997;336:1216–22.

73. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF heart protection study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002;360:7–22.

74. Adair JC, Knoefel JE, Morgan N. Controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine for patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 2001;57:1515–7.

75. Snowdon DA, Greiner LH, Mortimer JA, Riley KP, Greiner PA, Marksbery WR. Brain infarction and the clinical expression of Alzheimer disease: the nun study. JAMA 1997;277:813–7.

76. Guo Z, Fratiglioni L, Zhu L, Fastlom J, Winblad B, Viitanen M. Occurrence and progression of dementia in a community population aged 75 years and older: relationship of antihypertensive medication use. Arch Neurol 1999;56:991–6.

77. Forette F, Seux ML, Staessen JA, Th˙s L, Birkenhager WH, Babarskiene MR, and others. Prevention of dementia in randomised double-blind placebo-controlled systolic hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial. Lancet 1998;35:1347–51.

78. Jick H, Zornberg GL, Jick SS, Seshadri S, Drachman DA. Statins and the risk of dementia. Lancet 2000;356:1627–31.

79. Seshadri S, Beiser A, Selhub J, Jacques PF, Rosenberg IH, D’Agostino RB, and others. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. NEJM 2002;346:476–83.

80. LeBars PL, Katz MM, Berman N, Itil TM, Freedman AM, Schatzberg AF. A placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized trial of an extract of ginkgo biloba for dementia. JAMA 1997;278:1327–32.

81. Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment. Drug treatments for Alzheimer’s disease: efficacy outcome measurements and cost-effectiveness; 2001.

82. Bae CY, Cho CY, Cho K, Oh BH, Choi KG, Lee HS, and others. A double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study of cerebrolysin for Alzheimer’s disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000;48:1566–71.

83. Reuther E, Husmann R, Kinzler E, Diabl E, Kingler D, Spatt J, and others. A 28 week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with cerebrolysin in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2001;16:253–63.

84. Winblad B, Poritis W. Memantine in severe dementia: results of the M-BEST study (benefit and efficacy in severely demented patients during treatment with memantine). Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1999;14:135–46.

85. Schenk DB, Seubert P, Lieberburg I, Wallace J. b-Peptide immunization: a possible new treatment for Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2002;57:934–6.

86. Woolf SH, Grol R, Hutchinson A, Eccles M, Grunshaw J. Potential benefits, limitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ 1999;318:527–30.

87. American Psychiatric Association. Practice guideline for the treatments of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias of late life. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154(Suppl):1–39.

88. Small GW, Rabins PV, Barry PP, Buckholtz NS, Dekosky ST, Ferris SH, and others. Diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer disease and related disorders: Consensus statement of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, the Alzheimer’s Association, and the American Geriatrics Society. JAMA 1997;278:1363–71.

89. Patterson CJS, Gauthier S, Bergman H, Cohen CA, Feightner JW, Feldman H, and others. The recognition, assessment and management of dementing disorders: conclusions from the Canadian consensus conference on dementia. CMAJ 1999;160 (Suppl 12):S1–S15.

90. Davis DA, Taylor-Vaisey A. Translating guidelines into practice: a systematic review of theoretic concepts, practical experience and research evidence in the adoption of clinical practice guidelines. CMAJ 1997;157:408–16.

91. Herrmann N. Pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2002;15:403–9.


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Manuscript received and accepted July 2002.

1. Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry; Head, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto Sunnybrook and Women’s College Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario.

Address for correspondence: Dr N Herrmann, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook & Women’s College Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON  M4N 3M5

e-mail: nathan.herrmann@swchsc.on.ca

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